Molybdenum‐Based Nanomaterials for Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Molybdenum (Mo) is a trace dietary element that essential for human survival. Several molybdenum-containing enzymes (e.g., aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase and sulfite oxidase) are associated with key metabolic activities in the body. Molybdenum-based nanomaterials (Mo-NMs), including molybdenum dichalcogenides, oxides, molybdenum-based polyoxometalates, nanocomposites, have been extensively explored biomedical applications photothermal therapy (PTT) because of their unique chemical physical properties as well excellent biocompatibility biodegradability. PTT, which relies on converting near-infrared (NIR) light energy into thermal to achieve therapeutic effects, has attracted considerable attention past decades cancer treatment its localized trigger-activated effects. In this review, state-of-the-art progress Mo-NMs summarized. The classification, synthesis, surface functionalization first introduced. Then discussion PTT PTT-combined therapies effective focused on. Following that, toxicity assessment also discussed. Finally, short challenges future prospects field presented.